Matthew 10:2–4, The names of the twelve. The disciples’ names reflect the multilingualism that had influence over Jews of the first century in the land of Israel. Likely, Yeshua and his disciples were multilingual. They spoke Hebrew and Aramaic and likely had some knowledge of Greek as well.

• Simon Peter  Heb. shimon (from shama) meaning “heard.” Gk. petros meaning “a rock or stone.”
• Andereas Gr. (from aner) meaning “manly.”
• James. Heb. jacob meaning “heal catcher, supplanter.”
• John Heb. jochanan (Yah and chanan) meaning “YHVH has graced, shown mercy.”
• Philip Gk. philoppos (philos meaning “friend” and hippos meaning “horse”) meaning “a friend or lover of horses.”
• Bartholomaios Aram. meaning “son of Tolmai.”
• Thomas Aram. meaning “coupled or joined together, twin.”
• Matthew Heb. Matthaios or Mattiyahu meaning “gift of YHVH.”
• Thaddaeus Of uncertain origin. Could be Greek or Hebrew.
• Judas Heb. Yehudah meaning “praise.”