{"id":20416,"date":"2022-06-07T06:38:21","date_gmt":"2022-06-07T13:38:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hoshanarabbah.org\/blog\/?p=20416"},"modified":"2022-06-07T06:38:27","modified_gmt":"2022-06-07T13:38:27","slug":"was-the-new-testament-originally-written-in-aramaic-no","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hoshanarabbah.org\/blog\/2022\/06\/07\/was-the-new-testament-originally-written-in-aramaic-no\/","title":{"rendered":"Was the New Testament Originally Written in Aramaic? NO!"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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In this discussion, Nehemia Gordon gives proof that the Aramaic Peshitta New Testament was translated from the Greek, not the other way around.<\/strong> For the video version of Nehemia Gordon’s discussion with Michael Rood, go to:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\nhttps:\/\/www.nehemiaswall.com\/new-testament-written-aramaic\n<\/div><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

<\/p>\n\n\n\n

The following is the transcript of this discussion between Nehemia Gordon and Michael Rood:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michael: <\/strong>And then I was talking to him about the Peshitta,<\/em> he said, \u201cWe don\u2019t use the Peshitta.<\/em> The Peshitta<\/em>, Aramaic text\u2026\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nehemia: <\/strong>Let me stop you. This is the head scholar of the Aramaic\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michael:<\/strong> Syrian Orthodox\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nehemia:<\/strong> Aramaic-speaking church in Jerusalem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michael:<\/strong> And the head scholar of the Syrian Orthodox Church.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nehemia:<\/strong> In Jerusalem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michael:<\/strong> In Jerusalem.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nehemia:<\/strong> Wow.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michael:<\/strong> He is the top of the entire school, okay? He is an old man, he\u2019s in his 80s. And he said, \u201cWe don\u2019t use the Peshitta.<\/em> The Peshitta<\/em> is a later Aramaic translation from the Greek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nehemia:<\/strong> Look, I\u2019ve spoken to scholars about this. In fact, I sat down with a scholar at the Hebrew University of Jerusalem and I told him, \u201cYou know, people have suggested that this Aramaic Peshitta<\/em> is the original Aramaic that Jesus, that Yeshua, spoke and taught, and the Greek is a translation from the Aramaic,\u201d and this guy was an Aramaic scholar, specifically of Syriac-Aramaic, which the Peshitta<\/em>\u2019s written in. Actually, when I walked into his office, he was looking at this giant\u2026 it was like this big, this dictionary of Peshitta<\/em> Aramaic. And I asked him for some proof, so I said, \u201cWell, how can we know? You\u2019re telling me\u2026\u201d I mean, look, people will tell you that this Hebrew Matthew, that this isn\u2019t the original Matthew, it was written in Greek, so why would I believe you when you tell me that the Aramaic isn\u2019t the original? The Greek is the Aramaic? I said, \u201cI need some proof. I can\u2019t trust your word for it.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

And this was just for me, I don\u2019t think I\u2019ve ever even shared this. I really just wanted to know for myself. And so, he started off, he told me a bunch of linguistic things about how the Aramaic that Yeshua spoke was completely<\/em> different than the Aramaic that the Peshitta<\/em> is written in. It\u2019s a completely different dialect of Aramaic. He said, \u201cIt would be like the difference between German and Dutch.\u201d Dutch is the language they speak in Holland. I don\u2019t speak either of those languages, I read a little German. German is called in their language, \u201cDeutsch\u201d, and you have \u201cDutch\u201d, which is the language of Holland. Originally, they were obviously a single language, but now they\u2019re incomprehensible to one another, unless you\u2019re from the border area there. But the German people can\u2019t understand Dutch. But they\u2019re that similar. The Aramaic that Yeshua spoke and the Aramaic the Peshitta<\/em> is written in are similar, but they\u2019re also different enough to be, essentially, he said if it was any other language, they\u2019d be called two different languages. But for Aramaic, we consider all these different, very vastly different dialects, one language.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

And he gave me specific examples I won\u2019t go into, but you could look up at any Peshitta<\/em> grammar, it\u2019ll tell you what those differences are. They\u2019re profound differences. But then he gave me some really powerful examples. I\u2019m like, \u201cThis is it, it\u2019s the end of the story. We\u2019re done.\u201d I wanted to know, and he answered me. Here\u2019s an example of one of the things he showed me.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

So, the Hebrew word for \u201ccovenant\u201d is \u201cbrit<\/em>\u201d. Now, in American Jewish-speak we call it a \u201cbris<\/em>\u201d, and that\u2019s because the Hebrew letter Tav<\/em> when it has a dot in it, it\u2019s a tuh.<\/em> When it doesn\u2019t have a dot, it\u2019s a thuh <\/em>or in some dialects, suh.<\/em> So, \u201cbrit<\/em>, bris, brees.<\/em>\u201d It\u2019s the same word, different pronunciations of Hebrew. So, the word is \u201cbrit\u201d<\/em> or \u201cbris<\/em>\u201d, like I had my \u201cbris<\/em>\u201d on the eighth day, the covenant, the circumcision, in that case.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Genesis 6:18 says, \u201cI will establish My covenant with you.\u201d The word is \u201cdiatheke<\/em>\u201d. \u201cDiatheke\u201d<\/em> is the Greek word for \u201ccovenant\u201d. Aramaic has a perfectly good word for covenant. The Aramaic word for covenant is \u201ckiyam<\/em>\u201d. It comes from the Hebrew word, the Semitic root, \u201clakum, lehakim<\/em>\u201d, \u201cto establish\u201d. That word also appears, a form of that, in the Hebrew connected to covenant, but the actual word for covenant is \u201cbrit<\/em>\u201d, and you say, \u201clehakim brit<\/em>\u201d. And so, Aramaic takes that and it\u2019s \u201ckyam<\/em>\u201d, that\u2019s the word for \u201ccovenant\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

So let\u2019s look in the Targum, that\u2019s the ancient Jewish translation of the Tanakh. <\/em>And there, in the very same verse, Genesis 6:18 it says, \u201cVe\u2019akeim yatkiami,<\/em>\u201d \u201cAnd I established My kiyam<\/em>,\u201d \u201cMy brit,<\/em> My covenant\u201d. If you looked in the Peshitta, <\/em>if it was the original Aramaic, you would expect the word \u201ckiyam<\/em>\u201d to be used all over the place as the word for \u201ccovenant.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michael:<\/strong> Yeah, look in the\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nehemia:<\/strong> In the New Testament.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michael:<\/strong> Right, the New Testament, in Matthew, etc.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nehemia:<\/strong> Right. So Matthew 26:28, I\u2019m just choosing a verse here that has the word \u201ccovenant\u201d. It says, Yeshua says here, \u201cFor this is My blood of the covenant.\u201d Okay, so in the Greek, it has for covenant, \u201cdiatheke<\/em>\u201d, same word as when it translated \u201cbrit<\/em>\u201d in the Tanakh. <\/em>So, we have Hebrew, \u201cbrit<\/em>\u201d, Aramaic, \u201ckyam<\/em>\u201d, Greek, \u201cdiatheke<\/em>\u201d. What do you think you have in the Peshitta? <\/em>The Peshitta\u2019<\/em>s Aramaic. Some people say it\u2019s the original Aramaic that Yeshua spoke. Surely, you have the word \u201ckiyam<\/em>\u201d, the Aramaic word for \u201cbrit<\/em>\u201d. And that would be a great word, because also, you get from that the word \u201clakum<\/em>\u201d, which means \u201cto rise up\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

So, if the word \u201ccovenant\u201d were connected to \u201crise up\u201d, and Yeshua\u2019s saying, \u201cThis is the blood of My rising up, of My covenant,\u201d that would be a powerful message. But in the Peshitta, <\/em>you don\u2019t have \u201ckiyam<\/em>\u201d, you have \u201cdiatheke<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michael:<\/strong> It\u2019s Greek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

Nehemia:<\/strong> It\u2019s the Greek word for \u201ccovenant\u201d! So, I\u2019m sitting there with this man\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michael:<\/strong> In Aramaic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nehemia:<\/strong> In Aramaic. I\u2019m sitting here with this professor of Hebrew University and saying, \u201cHow can I know? I can\u2019t just take your word for it. People say the same thing about Hebrew Matthew. Show me definitive proof,\u201d and he shows me this. And I\u2019m like, \u201cSo, we\u2019re done.\u201d I said, \u201cOkay, I need a second witness.\u201d He gives me a second piece of evidence – and this was a long conversation, I\u2019m not gonna bring all of it. Second witness, he says, \u201cOkay, Nehemia. What\u2019s the Hebrew word for \u201claw\u201d? I mean, we were speaking in Hebrew, he didn\u2019t actually say that.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

He said, \u201cIn Hebrew, the word for \u201claw\u201d is Torah obviously.\u201d The word in Aramaic is \u201coraita<\/em>\u201d, it\u2019s a very common word in Jewish usage. \u201cOraita<\/em>\u201d is the word for Torah. It\u2019s from a similar root, a perfectly good word for Torah. The Greek word for Torah is actually, we have it in English, \u201cNomos<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michael:<\/strong> Nomos.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nehemia:<\/strong> Nomos. And for example, you\u2019ll say, antinomian is someone who\u2019s against the Torah, against the law, antinomian, anti-nomos. So, what is the word we have in the Peshitta<\/em>, in the Aramaic, which according to some people, is the original Aramaic that Yeshua spoke, where scholars say it\u2019s a translation from Greek? He says the word is \u201cnomosah<\/em>\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michael:<\/strong> Nomosah.<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nehemia:<\/strong> Nomosah!<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michael:<\/strong> Is the Greek word for\u2026?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nehemia:<\/strong> The Greek is written in Aramaic letters in the Peshitta.<\/em> So I\u2019m sitting with this guy and I\u2019m like, \u201cOkay, we don\u2019t even need to go any further.\u201d And we do, we sat for quite a long time and we talked about other things. But I\u2019m like, just from those two things, those two key concepts<\/em> in both the Tanakh and the New Testament, \u201ccovenant\u201d and \u201claw, Torah\u201d, and they\u2019re translated with Greek words rather than Hebrew words. To me, that was the definitive proof.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michael:<\/strong> You know, because of his lack of English and my lack of Aramaic, he just said, \u201cWe don\u2019t use it. It is a translation of a later Greek text, because things that weren\u2019t found in the early Greek text and are found in later Greek text are found in the Peshitta.<\/em>\u201d So, that is something I\u2019ve known for a long time. But he said, \u201cNo, we don\u2019t use it. We use a different Aramaic text altogether.\u201d Don\u2019t touch it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nehemia:<\/strong> And don\u2019t misunderstand me, the Peshitta<\/em> absolutely has value.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michael:<\/strong> Oh, yeah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nehemia:<\/strong> When I was working on the Dead Sea Scrolls, one of my jobs was, scholars would submit these transcriptions of these Dead Sea Scrolls, and with the transcription of the biblical scroll were all the parallels in the Greek and the Aramaic, the Targum, which is the Jewish translation, and the Peshitta,<\/em> which is the Christian translation, and my job was to go check and see, first of all, does it say that in the scroll? Does it say it in the Greek, the Septuagint, and the Peshitta, because there\u2019s a Peshitta of the Old Testament, as well, and does it say it in the Jewish Targum? And so, we would reference these things. Scholars reference these things, they have value.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

As you mentioned, the Peshitta<\/em> is a translation of a Greek text. The Greek text has changed over time, so the Peshitta<\/em> is looked at as what they call a version, version meaning a witness to the Greek. Sometimes, you\u2019ll find things in Latin, what\u2019s called \u201cthe old Latin\u201d, that testified to an earlier Greek text than what survived in the Greek. So these things have value, I\u2019m not saying, \u201cThrow away the Aramaic, or even the old Latin, which has value, if you\u2019re looking at the New Testament.\u201d The Greek is the primary text of the New Testament that survived, that\u2019s just the way it is. Even for the Hebrew Matthew I\u2019d say, \u201cLook at the Hebrew Matthew, but the Greek is the primary text.\u201d The Hebrew, though, has sometimes, as a second witness, preserved things that are lost in the Greek.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

So the Peshitta<\/em> has value as a second or even a third-hand witness, but to say it\u2019s the primary text, I mean, \u201ccovenant\u201d and \u201cTorah\u201d in Greek words? Come on, there\u2019s a good Hebrew word for Torah and a good Aramaic word for Torah. Neither of those are used.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michael:<\/strong> No, I have to tell you a little bit if a story, because I was part of an antinomian cult in the past. It was an Ultra-Dispensational Replacement Theology\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nehemia:<\/strong> Ultra-Dispensational, I don\u2019t even know that is, but okay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michael:<\/strong> Okay, well this is a mess, I\u2019ll tell you, and it got into all sorts of grace perversion, okay? That\u2019s how I know this so well. But it was George Lamsa who finished the proofreading of his Peshitta<\/em> on the New Testament in the home of Victor Paul Wierwille, who became the leader of this really big cult back in the late \u201860s, early \u201870s, called The Way International. That\u2019s where he finished up doing the proofreading of that text. And so, Wierwille took upon himself to try to prove that this was the primary text of the New Testament.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

And so, after a while, he\u2019s got some pretty good scholars, some people that are good in Aramaic. As a matter of fact, we go back to the very first computer-driven typewriter, and where it developed was the IBM Typeball. At one time, they were long levers, a typewriter\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nehemia:<\/strong> A computer-driven typewriter?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michael:<\/strong> Yeah, yeah. I learned in high school on a very old typewriter.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nehemia:<\/strong> This had to be before I was born, Michael.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michael:<\/strong> Oh, yeah, long before you were born. I think we determined I was in the Marine Corps the year you were born, okay? So, in high school, I am learning on a manual typewriter. You had these long fingers come up and hit the paper through the ribbon, okay? That\u2019s how I learned. But the people that are really good, had electric typewriters. And The Way International, they developed an IBM Typeball, first of all, the IBM Typeball was there. It\u2019s a ball that rotates and moves and strikes the paper through the ribbon\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nehemia:<\/strong> Oh, it\u2019s long things coming out, those long like\u2026<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michael:<\/strong> Instead of the long levers, it\u2019s just a typeball. And so, there\u2019s brrrrrrrrrrr, brrrrrrrrrrr just like that. And so, this is the first thing that could be connected up to a computer.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nehemia:<\/strong> Oh, okay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michael:<\/strong> This is before the dot matrix.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nehemia:<\/strong> They were using this for Aramaic.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michael:<\/strong> And they developed the Typeball for the Aramaic text. And so, they were the ones that printed the Aramaic Concordance. You know, they developed the whole thing.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nehemia:<\/strong> So this cult that you were part of is actually putting out an Aramaic text?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michael:<\/strong> That\u2019s right.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nehemia:<\/strong> Wow, okay.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michael:<\/strong> The job of the research department is to prove that was the original text. Well, everyone on the research department, I know them. They\u2019re friends of mine. I was in the Marine Corps, they were at different schools. And so, I\u2019m going to Bible school and seminary with these guys, and afterwards, after they were all off the payroll, they said, \u201cWe were paid to prove things that are absolute nonsense.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nehemia:<\/strong> You mean, after they left the cult, they\u2019re saying this?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michael:<\/strong> That\u2019s right, after they left the cult they said, \u201cThat was our job. We proved things out,\u201d and they were called in and said, \u201cYou don\u2019t understand that the head of this organization has already determined this is what it is, and if you want to keep your jobs, you will prove that.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nehemia: <\/strong>Wow. Wow.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Michael:<\/strong> And that\u2019s how it goes, and a lot of scholarship, a lot of universities, you\u2019d better be in line with exactly what we want you to say, or you\u2019re gone. You\u2019ll not have tenure. I mean, you start talking about \u201cintelligent design\u201d in an American school, well, this is what Ben Stein proved, I mean, you are gone. \u201cWe\u2019ve already determined that there is no God, that there\u2019s no intelligent design, and if you say anything to even imply it, you are gone.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Well, these people found themselves in the same position. But as soon as they were out, they said, \u201cIt\u2019s pure nonsense. There\u2019s no way that the Aramaic was the primary text. We were paid to prove it, and it\u2019s not true.\u201d<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\t\t\t\t
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In this discussion, Nehemia Gordon gives proof that the Aramaic Peshitta New Testament was translated from the Greek, not the other way around. 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