{"id":16932,"date":"2020-05-11T08:01:11","date_gmt":"2020-05-11T15:01:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/hoshanarabbah.org\/blog\/?p=16932"},"modified":"2020-05-11T08:01:18","modified_gmt":"2020-05-11T15:01:18","slug":"the-biblical-social-welfare-system-as-it-relates-to-the-sabbatical-year-and-the-jubilee","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/hoshanarabbah.org\/blog\/2020\/05\/11\/the-biblical-social-welfare-system-as-it-relates-to-the-sabbatical-year-and-the-jubilee\/","title":{"rendered":"The Biblical Social Welfare System as It Relates to the Sabbatical Year and the Jubilee"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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Leviticus 25\u2014The Biblical social welfare system.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Leviticus 25, in part, lays out Israel\u2019s social welfare and economic system. <\/strong>Basically, it was a free market capitalistic economic system where private individuals owned property and small businesses and controlled the means and productions of goods and services, and the central government\u2019s involvement in the lives of people was minimal. This is not the case in a purely socialistic (a Marxist or communistic) economic system where the government owns much or most of the property and controls, to one degree or another, the means and distribution of goods and services, and where government regulation of people\u2019s lives is tremendous. The capitalistic system that YHVH gave to Israel, however, contained some quasi-socialistic checks and balances in that greedy or even exceptionally gifted and ambitious individuals couldn\u2019t become excessively rich at the expense of the poor.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Socialistic economic philosophy demands that the wealth of the nation be equally distributed among everyone including the poor. This may sound good in theory, but it doesn\u2019t work. In reality, socialism stifles individual initiative by punishing (often through taxation and other means of wealth confiscation and redistribution by the government) those who, through hard work, sacrifice, initiative, and inventiveness have become wealthy. So, it stands to reason, why should the wealthy work hard if the fruits of their labors will only be confiscated and be given to the poor or the \u201chave nots, \u201d or to those who refuse to work? <\/p>\n\n\n\n

At the same time, capitalism is also a flawed system, since in time, the wealthy often end up owning much of the land and control most of the wealth. Human nature being what it is, the greedy wealthy will turn a capitalistic system into oligarchic capitalism where only a few rich capitalists control nearly everything including the economic and political systems. This is the end times system that is described in Revelation 13 and 18 and is called Babylon the Great. <\/em>Such a system ends up enslaving people through economic and political means, thus creating a veritable feudalistic-type serfdom where rich and powerful business oligarchs who control the government are the new nobility (see Rev 18:13, 23).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

With these things in mind, as you are reading through chapter 25, notice how YHVH instructed the poor to be cared for. There was no government welfare system based on taxing the producers and giving to the non-producers. Everyone worked for their living. In fact, the Torah commands everyone to work for six days, and then to rest on the seventh day (Exod 20:9). Sloth and laziness weren\u2019t optons. Even the extremely impoverished were expected to harvest food from the agricultural fields. At the same time, those who owned the fields were to leave the corners of their fields unharvested and not to glean their fields, so the poor would have something to harvest (Lev 23:22; the Book of Ruth). In the Testimony of Yeshua, fathers were expected to provide for their households. Those who didn\u2019t were considered worse than heathens (1 Tim 5:8). Similarly, widows under the age of 60 were expected to support themselves through their own work, while those over the age of 60 could be supported by the local church, but they had to recompense the church through acts of service (1 Tim 5:9\u201314). Once again, the Bible in no way allows for or promotes a system of government handouts. Except in rare situations, everyone was expected to work.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In this chapter, we also see how the Bible handles the issue of debt, and how it requires people to work to pay off their debts. Bankruptcy wasn\u2019t an option. The Torah allows those in debt to sell themselves into servitude to their debtors through a system called bond service. The debtor would work for the lender until the debts were paid and at the end of seven years all remaining unpaid debts had to be forgiven. This system taught fiscal responsibility to debtors, yet at the same time, it required lenders to show mercy and grace to the poor. Again, the Bible in no way promotes a system of government welfare handouts. Everyone had to work. If you didn\u2019t work, you didn\u2019t eat (2 Thess 3:10). Only the extremely poor who were unable to make a living (e.g. widows and orphans) were cared from the public coffers (Deut 14:28\u201329; 26:12\u201313). The Levites were care for publicly as remuneration for caring for and teaching the people spiritually. They also worked as farmers and tradesmen.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Notice how the jubilee year prevented the wealthy from acquiring all the land, and how every 50 years there was a redistribution of land, so that those who through sloth, mismanagement of their resources, or through unfortunate circumstances lost their land could get their land back. Such individuals were mercifully given a second chance to start over again and to learn from their past mistakes. Lending to the poor was encouraged, and the charging of interest to them was prohibited. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

As you read through this chapter, consider how YHVH deals with the perennial social and economic ills that have plagued the world from time immemorial compared to how men currently deal with these same problems, and usually end up making matters worse.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Though it would be difficult to implement such a system in our highly collectivized and industrialized society of today, it is likely that in the future, during the Millennium, when the Torah will be the rule of the earth and an agrarian society will likely be the dominant economic paradigm, that such a Torah-based system will once again be put in place.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Leviticus 25:2, When you come into the land. <\/em><\/strong>The<\/em> Stone Edition Chumash<\/em>, translates Leviticus 25:2(b) as follows, \u201cWhen you come into the land that I give you the land shall observe a <\/em>Sabbath rest for [YHVH]<\/em><\/strong>.\u201d <\/em>Note the emphasized portion. Though the Jewish sages say this does not imply that YHVH rests, it acknowledges the fact that as YHVH \u201crested\u201d after his creation of the world, so too Israel was to rest in the seventh year from its agricultural work (an activity that allows the created [i.e. humans] to share with the Creator in the act of creation) to commemorate Elohim\u2019s act of creation (The ArtScroll Rashi Leviticus<\/em>, p. 318). The Jewish sages also note that the comparison between the jubilee and the Sabbath is that both bear testimony to Elohim\u2019s creation of the universe in six days and his rest on the seventh. They further note that the seven years of the shemittah<\/em> (sabbath year) cycle allude to the six thousand years of history that will be climaxed by the seventh millennium, which will be a period of peace and tranquility (The<\/em> ArtScroll Stone Edition Chumash<\/em>, p. 697).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Note how everything ancient Israel did in their day-to-day life brought them into worshipful relationship with their Creator by causing them to recall both what he had done for them (past tense) and what he would do for them prophetically (future tense).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Leviticus 25:4, A sabbath of rest unto the land.<\/em><\/strong>The land sabbath teaches us that our means of producing an income belong entirely to YHVH. He gives us life, breath, land, health, eyesight, physical and mental abilities and everything else that we need to survive. Now imagine losing, say, your health or your eyesight? Or due to an illness, suppose through a stroke or an injury to the head, you became mentally impaired. Where would you be financially? We belong to YHVH and he gives us everything we need with which to work our land, do our job, raise our family, educate ourselves, and to exist. Are we as grateful to him as we should be?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Leviticus 25:9, Jubilee. <\/em><\/strong>The word jubilee <\/em>is the Hebrew word yovel <\/em>(KcUh) meaning \u201cram\u2019s horn trumpet.\u201d The ram\u2019s horn would be sounded at special events as a proclamation of great joy and jubilation such as would be the case at the commencement of the Jubilee Year when all debts were forgiven, all indentured servants were set free, all land was returned to its original owners, and all agricultural activity ceased for a year of rest. The arrival of the Jubilee Year was announced on Yom Kippur<\/em> (Day of Atonement) with the blast of a shofar called the shofar hagadol<\/em> or the great or final shofar blast (to be distinguished from the first <\/em>and second <\/em>shofar blasts that occur on the feasts of Shavuot<\/em> (Pentecost) and Yom Teruah<\/em> (Day of Trumpets or Shofar Blowing or Shouting) respectively. This same event prophetically corresponds with the return of the exiles (the \u201clost ten tribes\u201d) to the land of Israel (which is an aspect of what the Jewish sages call the \u201cfinal redemption\u201d) and the return of Yeshua the Messiah.<\/p>\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n

Leviticus 25:21, And I will command my blessing.<\/em><\/strong>The land sabbaths forced the Israelites to depend totally on YHVH to bless them triple-fold in the sixth year of the seventh seven-year cycle (i.e. the forty-ninth year) of the 50 year jubilee cycle, so that they would have enough food to last in the seventh year (i.e. the forty-ninth year) as well as during year one of the next cycle while awaiting the harvest of that year\u2019s crops. Observing the land sabbath and the Jubilee year was a major act of faith on the part of the farmer, who had to trust that YHVH would bless his crops so abundantly that he could take a year or more off from farming. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

Though Israel was given YHVH\u2019s laws concerning the land sabbaths, and though YHVH provided his people with a glorious opportunity to demonstrate incredible faith in him by blessing them abundantly in the sixth year, and see his miraculous provision, thereby strengthening their faith, thereby receiving even more blessings from YHVH the next time, thus strengthening their faith to even a higher level bringing of more blessings, Israel never kept the land Sabbaths for 490 years<\/em><\/strong>. Israel took the path of least resistance, which was not <\/em>to trust YHVH\u2019s Word and his promises, but to trust in themselves and their own reasonings\u2014to follow the dictates of the carnal hearts. This led to the demise of their nation and ultimate captivity for 70 years\u2014one year for each of the 70 land sabbaths they missed during that 490 years. What is our point? All of YHVH\u2019s laws, even the seemingly least important ones, are important and effect not only our lives, but those of future generations, for they set laws of cause and effect into motion that YHVH has spiritually programmed into the universe. When we disobey YHVH, even in the slightest areas, we and our descendants will pay the price for our sins. In our modern godless economic system, observing the jubilee isn\u2019t possible. On an individual basis, however, farmers can practice the land sabbath law as a way to care for the land and to show respect for and trust in the Creator of it.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Leviticus 25:35, If your brethren become poor.<\/em><\/strong>What do you do to help the poor? Treating them fairly and helping them when it is in your power to do so is very important in YHVH\u2019s spiritual economy. (In this regard note, how the Testimony of Yeshua defines \u201cpure religion\u201d in Jas 1:27; also see Matt 25:34\u201346; Gal 6:10; 1 John 3:17\u201319; Isa 1:17; 58:6\u20137; Deut 15:7\u20138.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Leviticus 25:42, Slaves<\/em>.<\/strong> The Hebrew word slaves <\/em>or bondmen<\/em> is ebed <\/em>meaning \u201cslave, servant, man-servant, worshiper (of Elohim), servant (of Elohim, e.g. Levite, priest or prophet).\u201d Ebed<\/em> derives from the basic Hebrew root word and verb, abad<\/em>, meaning \u201cto work or serve.\u201d The word abab<\/em> refers to service that can be directed toward people, things or Elohim. In biblical usage, if directed toward things, abad <\/em>can refer to tilling the earth, dressing a vineyard, working flax or constructing a city. When abad<\/em> is used in reference to serving YHVH it can refer to Levitical and priestly service. In Hebraic thought, such service is considered joyous, not bondage. This same service can be directed toward pagan deities as well. When used in reference to serving another man, abad<\/em> transforms into the noun ebed <\/em>meaning \u201cslave or servant.\u201d As discussed below and as pointed out by The TWOT<\/em>, the concept of Hebrew slavery isn\u2019t akin to the modern concept of slavery where the slave possesses no basic human rights. This was not the case in ancient Israel. The Hebrew slave, on the other hand, occupied a position of status involving rights and trust. The Torah required this to be case as this and other Torah passages demonstrate.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Leviticus 25:45, You may buy<\/em>.<\/strong> This passage advocates \u201cslavery\u201d among the Israelites. Yet, this is not the slavery the American Negroes, for example, experienced prior to the Civil War. It must be remembered that slavery was rife in the ancient world. Often slaves, however, were able to own homes and livestock and to maintain families as was the case with the Israelites in Egypt and the Jews in Babylon. In this case, these slaves were more like servants or feudal serfs. For example, in Israel, the Gibeonites became the slaves of Israel, but they continued to dwell in their own cities, and enjoy Israel\u2019s military protection (Josh 9). Also, it must be remembered that when Israel conquered an opponents\u2019 land or army, they often inherited slaves from those countries or slaves from other countries the conquered country itself had enslaved. What were the Israelites to do with these people who had been dispossessed of their lands? Send them back to countries that no longer existed, or to which they were no longer welcome? Send them back into heathen situations? Instead, YHVH allowed Israel to bring these captured people into Israel where they could live among a Torah-obedient people who worshipped the God of Israel, YHVH Elohim, where they would be taught to love Elohim totally and their neighbors as themselves. In time, these slaves would be assimilated into the tribes of Israel through intermarriage and become part of Israel and thus be elevated in their social status. In this sense, slavery was a means of evangelizing those who found themselves in the lowest echelons of the ancient world. It was ostensibly a way to bring them into the ways of the Torah thereby elevating them spiritually and socially from their previous enslaved heathen condition.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Leviticus 25:55, Are my servants [or slave.] <\/em><\/strong>Here YHVH declares that \u201cthe children of Israel are my slaves [or servants, Heb. ebed<\/em>], whom I have taken out of the land of Egypt\u2014I am YHVH, your Elohim.\u201d Here YHVH states dogmatically that he brought or redeemed the Israelites out of slavery to Egypt so that they could become his slaves<\/strong>. Does this trouble you? Being a slave of YHVH didn\u2019t seem to trouble the apostles of Yeshua who referred to themselves many times as YHVH\u2019s bondservants or slaves (e.g. Rom\u202f1:1; Tit 1:1; Jas 1:1; 2\u2009Pet 1:1; Jude 1:1; Rev 1:1). Perhaps their view of slavery is different than ours. Did they not see two categories of slavery and that all humans fall into one or the other category: slavery to the world, flesh and the devil that leads to death as compared to \u201cslavery\u201d to the Word and the Spirit of YHVH that leads to life? There is no escape. One is either a slave to the law of sin and death or to the law of the Spirit of life in Messiah Yeshua (Rom 8:1\u20132). Those who have been redeemed by the blood of Yeshua have become Yeshua\u2019s purchased possession as Paul says in 1\u2009Corinthians 6:19\u201320:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

What? Know you not that your body is the temple of the Set-Apart Spirit which is in you, which you have of Elohim, and you are not your own? For you are bought with a price: therefore glorify Elohim in your body, and in your spirit, which are Elohim\u2019s.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n

Do you live your life, make choices, do or don\u2019t do things, say or don\u2019t say things every day with the realty that your are a slave to YHVH? Is Yeshua truly your Lord<\/em> and Master<\/em>? It is easy to make the claims that he is, but living out the reality is a totally different things!
<\/p>\n

\n\t\t\t\t<\/a>\t\t\t\t
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Leviticus 25\u2014The Biblical social welfare system. Leviticus 25, in part, lays out Israel\u2019s social welfare and economic system. 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Basically, it was a free market capitalistic economic system where private individuals owned property and small businesses and controlled the means and … Continue reading →","og_url":"https:\/\/hoshanarabbah.org\/blog\/2020\/05\/11\/the-biblical-social-welfare-system-as-it-relates-to-the-sabbatical-year-and-the-jubilee\/","og_site_name":"Hoshana Rabbah Blog","article_published_time":"2020-05-11T15:01:11+00:00","article_modified_time":"2020-05-11T15:01:18+00:00","og_image":[{"url":"https:\/\/hoshanarabbah.org\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/05\/Unknown.png","type":"","width":"","height":""}],"author":"Natan Lawrence","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"Natan Lawrence","Est. reading time":"13 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